Understanding the scope, gravity, and severity of security incidents in the cybersecurity landscape is crucial in any organization to prevent, respond to and resolve these incidents. At the heart of dealing with these security issues are the 'incident management phases'. This guide aims to elaborate on these crucial phases and the role they play within the broader realm of cybersecurity.

The concept of incident management isn't novel. Variations of incident management have long been inuse in fields like emergency services and healthcare. A basic understanding of this is that incident management is a series of structured steps and processes to respond to and resolve incidents. In the context of cybersecurity, an "incident" refers to an event that could harm or interrupt a system or network's normal functions.

Phase 1: Preparation

The first of the 'incident management phases' is preparation. It may seem counterintuitive to include 'preparation' as a phase in responding to incidents, but it is indeed one of the most critical stages. This phase involves developing Incident response plans, setting up necessary tools, defining roles and responsibilities, and training the response team. To achieve a proactive cybersecurity posture, an organization needs to focus heavily on preparation.

Phase 2: Detection

After preparation comes detection, the phase where possible incidents are discovered. In this phase, you employ technologies like intrusion detection systems (IDS), security information and event management (SIEM) systems, and automated analysis tools to identify abnormal activities that might indicate a cybersecurity incident. Timely detection can prevent an event from escalating into a major breach or attack.

Phase 3: Analysis

The third phase, analysis, is where the incident management team examines and evaluates the identified event further. The goal is to verify if it's a genuine security incident, gauge its potential impact, and determine its root cause. During this phase, digital forensics tools might be used to take a deep dive into the details of the incident.

Phase 4: Containment

Once an event has been validated as an incident, the containment phase begins. This phase seeks to limit the scope and prevent the spread of the incident within the system or network. Temporary fixes or workarounds may be employed to prevent the incident from causing further harm while a more permanent solution is being sought.

Phase 5: Eradication

Eradication is the phase where the root cause of the incident is eliminated. It might involve removing malware from the system, patching vulnerabilities, or addressing any other issues that facilitated the incident. This phase's nature makes it arguably the most technically challenging aspect of incident management.

Phase 6: Recovery

After eradication, the focus shifts to the recovery phase. The affected systems or services are restored to their pre-incident states, considering that the cause has been removed. This process might involve restoring systems from clean backups, rebuilding systems from scratch, or other recovery procedures based on the nature of the incident.

Phase 7: Lessons Learned

The final of the 'incident management phases' is typically referred to as 'lessons learned' or post-incident activities. It involves documenting the incident's details and response, reviewing the entire process for any gaps or shortcomings, and updating the Incident response plan based on the insights obtained for better future responses.

In conclusion, understanding and correctly implementing the incident management phases are fundamental to maintaining cybersecurity. It not only equips an organization to deal effectively with incidents but also enables it to continuously improve its Incident response capabilities. The fight against cyber threats is ongoing, and knowing how to manage incidents when they happen is a significant stride in ensuring this battle is never lost.